The Republic of Sudan is situated in the east region of the African contenent.It lies between latitudes 4 and 23 degrees north and longtitudes 22 and 38 east.In terms of total area Sudan is considered the largest African and Arab country, Sudan has common boarders with nine African countries, Egypt and Libya in the north, Tchad and the Centreal Africa Republic in the west, Kongo( former Zaire) Uganda and Kenya in the South, Ethiopia and Eritrea in the East. It also neighbours Saudia Arabia across the Red Sea from the east. With an Area of 2.5 million square kilometers of 1 million square miles.Sudan is classified amongest the world's most largets countries in terms of total area. This area comprises about 8.3% of the total area of the African contenent.

Sudan has a tropical climate. Seasonal variations are most sharply defined in the desert zones, where winter temperatures as low as 4.4° C (about 40° F) are common, particularly after sunset. Summer temperatures often exceed 43.3° C (about 110° F) in the desert zones, and rainfall is negligible. Dust storms, called haboobs, frequently occur. High temperatures also prevail to the south throughout the central plains region, but the humidity is generally low. In the vicinity of Khartoum the average annual temperature is about 26.7° C (about 80° F); and annual rainfall, most of which occurs between mid-June and September, is about 254 mm (about 10 in). Equatorial climatic conditions prevail in southern Sudan. In this region the average annual temperature is about 29.4° C (about 85° F), annual rainfall is more than 1015 mm (more than 40 in), and the humidity is excessive.

Most of the territories of the Sudan are in the form of flat plains with scattered mountains and hills in the south and extreme west, the Nuba Mountains in the east in the center and the Red Sea hills in the east. Sudan lies (in terms of climate) in the tropical zone of the African contenent, thus its climate varies from the equatorial in the most souhtern parts. The Red Sea coastal plains is characterized by its rainy winters. The period from March up to June is characterized by its high temperature ( up to 42 C) at daytime and 27 C at night . The degree of temperature starts to decline when the rainy season dominates from July to October. The weather turns moderate and very fine in the period from November to February where the degree of temperature varies between 30 c in daytime and 16 c or less in the midnights.

Thus Cotton clothes are the most suitable clothing for the Sudan climate

In the 1993 Census the total Population of Sudan is 25.6 Million rate of growth of about 2.6%. Eighty percent of econominally productive people are involving in the one way ot another in the agricultural sector. The Sudanese poeple belong to different tribal origins from different ethnic groups. Some of these tribes are from Arabic origins, others beling to some indigneous African and Nubian tribes and some few others belong to Turkish and other minor descents which all migrated to the Sudan and eventually ,ed to the creation of a diversified social hertiage which represents the deep intermariage between a variety of civilizations.

Khartoum with its three towns Khartoum,

Khartoum North, Omdurman plays a major role as the National and Fedral Capital of the Sudan in which federal ministries and federal governmental institutions and corporations besides the government of Khartoum state are exsisted.

Khartoum lies at the junction of the Blue and White Niles with an estimated populations about 3,512,144 peoples.

Other major towns in the country are Portsudan which is the capital of the Red Sea state and act as the major Sea Port in the country, Wad Medani which is the capital of Gezira satet, Elobeid, Juba , Waw , Malakal, Atbara, Dongola, Kassala, Nyala, Elfashir, ElGedarif, Al-Duiem, Kosti and Sennar are the major towns.